Spring from a deep life
The passage of our Gospel today comes from the Sermon on the Mount and is the first of six so-called "antitheses" where Jesus contrasts the demands of the Law with those of the Gospel. Virtue for the scribes and Pharisees was largely measured by external observance of the law.
Jesus says, "Unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees…." Another translation says, "Unless your virtue goes deeper than that of the scribes and Pharisees…." Jesus is not adding more rules to the multitude of rules that the scribes and Pharisees deduced from the Law; rather he approaches everything from a deeper level.
For Jesus that is not enough. For him real virtue is in the heart. There was a commandment not to kill but Jesus says that even hatred and anger, violence in the heart (often expressed by abusive language) must be avoided. Furthermore, we cannot have one set of relationships with God and another set with people.
You may own thousands of acres, but if they are just barren rock you will starve, because nothing will grow there. Where there is no depth of soil, the seed comes to nothing (see Mk 4:5); and likewise when our actions do not spring from a deep life they wither before they can bear any fruit.
